His music is also known for its motivic construction, use of folk tunes, and musical wit. From a historical perspective, his contributions to the string quartet and the symphony are particularly significant: in fact, he is often called the Father of the Symphony. Like his younger contemporaries Mozart and Beethoven, Joseph Haydn com- posed in all the genres of his day. In the last years of his life, he wrote two important oratorios (he had been much impressed by performances of Handel’s oratorios while in London) as well as more chamber music. Nonetheless, a new Esterházy prince decided to reestablish the family’s musical foothold, so Haydn returned to their service in 1796. Haydn revisited London twice in the following years, 1791 to 1795, earning-after expenses-as much as he had in twenty years of employment with the Esterházys. For the concerts there, he composed an opera, symphonies, and chamber music, all of which were extremely popular. Haydn left Vienna for London in December. This shift allowed Haydn to accept an offer to give a concert in London, England, where his music was very popular. In 1790, the musical Prince Nikolaus Esterházy died and his son Anton downsized the family’s musical activities. Within a decade, he was the most famous composer in Europe. In 1779, Haydn’s contract was renegotiated, allowing him to write and sell music outside of the Esterházy family. The Esterházys kept Haydn very busy: he wrote music, which he played both for and with his patrons, ran the orchestra, and staged operas.
He was considered a skilled servant, who soon beĬame their head Chapel Master and was highly prized, especially by the second and most musical of the Esterházy princes for whom Haydn worked. Haydn spent almost thirty years working for their family. In 1761, he be- came a Vice-Chapel Master for an even wealthier nobleman, the Hungarian Prince Esterházy. When this noble family fell into hard times, they released Haydn. He composed a comic musical and eventually became a chapel master for a Czech nobleman. After searching, he found a job as valet to the Italian opera composer Nicola Porpora and most likely started studying music theory and music composition in a systematic way at that time. Stephen’s Cathedral boys’ choir for almost ten years, until his voice broke (changed).
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